Police light is a special tool for police to attract attention and warn others
The lighting change can achieve the purpose of passing by quickly, getting in touch with other colleagues or warning the police and dangerous situation.
Alarm siren and alarm can be used alone or in combination.
Unauthorized units and individuals are not allowed to use police lamps and lanterns. Violators will be punished by law. Moreover, some districts are not allowed to use police lamps. To use a siren, as in a school.
1、 Brief history of police lamps
The history of police using warning lamps and lanterns started from the beginning of the police establishment. When patrolling at night, they usually carry torches, lanterns, oil lamps, etc., which play a role of warning and lighting. It was Germany during World War II that first used power warning lamps. In 1935, in order to confuse the enemy, Germany used the blue one
Warning lights as an important air defense measures, because of the low visibility of blue, can only be found at low altitude. In 1938, Germany began to install blue warning lights on emergency vehicles to show the difference. Soon, warning lights were borrowed into the police industry to warn passers-by, gain priority, and deter criminals. The police use warning lights in the pursuit of suspect, traffic control, on-site disposal, emergency rescue, and protection of people.
At first, the lamp was a single long-term light, and then developed to rotate, flash, explode, and cooperate with the sound of the siren.
Although the lamp is single and traditional, it is still used in many police cars. For example, the California law stipulates that "authorized police vehicles must be equipped with at least one permanent light, which is installed in the front of the vehicle, the color is red, and can be seen from a distance of 1000 feet."
In 1948, the world's police began to popularize the rotating and flashing tower lights, which were much better than the long-term lamps and could quickly attract the attention of others; Although it was soon replaced by a long row of lamps, the magnetic suction rotating tower lamp is convenient, traditional and cheap. It is still used by the police in some places, especially for the needs of handling cases. Sometimes vehicles without police car logo must be used. The magnetic tower lamp is easy to disassemble and has good camouflage effect.
With the development of science and technology, the police lamp is also in progress. Similar to the flash lamp for photography, it is widely used. The xenon flash lamp emits fast and bright light. Xenon flash lamp is a new type of headlamp containing xenon, also known as high-intensity discharge gas lamp. It breaks the tungsten filament light-emitting principle invented by Edison and forms a perfect white arc between the two poles, which can reflect the warning effect.
Nowadays, the durable and cheap LED lamp has occupied the leading position of the police lamp. LED (light emitting diode) is a kind of solid-state semiconductor device that can convert electric energy into visible light, which can directly emit red, yellow, blue, green, green, green, orange, purple and white light. At first, LED lamp was used as the indicating light source of instruments and meters. Later, led with various light colors was widely used in traffic signal lights, warning lights and large area display screen, which produced good economic and social benefits. It is a popular light source at present.
2、 Color of police lights
Most of the police cars in the modern world use the combination of red and blue as the color of the police lights, but the police cars in Belgium, Argentina and other countries, and some police cars in France, Germany, Canada and other countries also use single blue as the color of the police lights.
According to the research of Loughborough University in England, red is more easily detected in the daytime and blue is more easily detected at night when flashing lights; red is more obvious in haze, and blue is more obvious in night and traffic flow.
Red is the primary color in the warm color system, which has a warning effect, while blue is the primary color in the cold color system, which forms a sharp contrast with red, which can attract people's attention.
From the optical point of view of the human eye, the contrast between red and blue is very obvious, and the red and blue in the police lamp changes alternately to form a contrast, which is more eye-catching.
However, there are exceptions, such as York District police cars in Canada and Strasbourg police vehicles in France, which use a single blue light
3、 Classification of police lamps and lanterns
（1） According to the signal type, it can be divided into:
1. The multi-layer signal is always on.
2. Stroboscopic multi-layer signal.
3. Reflect the rotating multi-layer signal.
4. Ordinary stroboscopic signal.
5. Combined signal.
（2） According to the form of light source: bulb, xenon strobe, LED flash. Among them, the LED flash form is the upgraded version of the bulb to turn light form, with longer service life.
1. Light bulb.
2. Xenon lamp.
3. LED light source.
（3） According to the shape, it is divided into:
1. Tower type explosion flashing alarm light. Magnetic suction rotating, flash bulb, voltage 12V / 24 / 110 / 220 V, no installation, direct adsorption iron plate, waterproof and dustproof.
The main components of the rotating tower lamp can be seen from the following illustrations. The upper picture shows the combination of tower lamp and reflector with magnetic absorption, which can be attached to the roof or rear window; the middle picture shows the situation after splitting the reflector and tower lamp; the figure below shows the situation after removing the cover, including rotating reflector, static color lamp and small motor.
2. Short row led warning lamp. With magnetic installation free strong magnetic paste, directly absorbed on the roof, very firm, can be removed at any time, good sealing performance, anti-collision. High brightness: 10000 ～ 12000 MCD, 12V safety voltage, double insulation, power plug of cigarette lighter.
3. Long row of rotating flashing lights. It has a length of about 1.2 meters and a voltage of 12-24 V. It is equipped with a 100W horn, a special fuse for batteries and a special fixed hook, which integrates warning, shouting and tone into one.
4. Long row of LED flashing alarm lights. The shape is about 1200 × 300 × 215mm, the voltage is 12 ～ 24 V, the polycarbonate cover, the flashing frequency is 90 ～ 160 times / min, the special fixed retractor is equipped with loudspeaker.
4、 Location distribution of vehicle mounted police lights
The police lamp can appear in many parts of police or non police vehicles, depending on the type of police and the degree of warning. Tower lights and long row lights generally appear on the roof to increase visibility; other flashing lights for warning can appear in multiple parts of the body.
5、 Potential hazards of police lamps
Police lamps and lanterns bring potential harm to passers-by and others, and the harm should be minimized as far as possible. According to a study by Loughborough University in the UK, flashlights can attract people's attention and bring warning effect. The faster the flash, the higher the emergency degree. On the other hand, flickering can cause discomfort better than others. The main potential hazards are as follows.
1. Induce photosensitive epilepsy. Light sensitive epilepsy patients, under the condition of sustained flash, will produce discomfort, muscle twitch, severe will be on the spot convulsion, seizures. Studies have found that when the flash frequency is between 10 Hz and 20 Hz, no matter what color, it is easy to induce epilepsy.
2. Fatigue. When exposed to the flash of police lamps, the symptoms of distraction and eye fatigue will occur within a certain period of time.
3. Dizziness. If you look at the police lamps, you will feel dizzy and can't see clearly, which will bring danger. If through rain, windshield and lens, the degree of vertigo may increase. The researchers divided the degree of vertigo into "incompetence vertigo" and "discomfort vertigo". Incompetence vertigo refers to transient blindness and inability to see things. It usually occurs in the face of amber, powerful flash and bright light; discomfort vertigo refers to feeling discomfort and blurred vision.
4. Phototaxis. Similar to the "moth to fire" effect, many passers-by and drivers will be attracted by the police lights. According to the American industry magazine "twice" in February 1998, some Trailer drivers were attracted by the flashing lights, resulting in accidents, and sued the court for compensation on this ground.
6、 Display of vehicle mounted lights in some countries
Such as the famous brans Vehicle mounted police lamps factory whelen: https://www.whelen.com/ different country has the different ehicle mounted lights
1. Australia. It is stipulated that the federal police, marine police, military police, air police and border police should use red and blue lights.
2. Argentina. The color of the police lights is unified. Blue is the police car, red is the fire engine, and amber is the engineering vehicle.
3. Belgium. Police are required to use a single blue light, and the law forbids the use of red to face the public, which can only appear in the rear of the car.
4. Brunei. Blue for police lights, red for ambulances and red and blue for fire engines.
5. Canada. Usually, red and blue are used for police and safety vehicles, while red and white are used for emergency vehicles, but each ellipsis is is different.
6. Colombia. Before, there was no uniform style and color for the police lights. Until the 1990s, the yellow lights were uniformly used, and now they are combined with red and blue.
7. Hungary. The combination of red and blue is mainly used for police vehicles, and blue is used for police vehicles, ambulances, blood donation vehicles, fire engines, prison vehicles, etc.; since December 2017, led words of new Hungarian and English police have been flashing alternately on the front and rear windscreens; some departments have added flashing lights on the headlights and taillights.
8. Japan. The color of the warning lamp is red, which is installed in the front of the roof, which is eye-catching.
9. New Zealand. Before 1992, New Zealand police used blue warning lights to distinguish the red warning lights of the Ministry of transport. Now, police cars use red and blue warning lights uniformly.
10. America. Lights can be red, blue, or a combination of red and blue, with white and amber as candidate colors, depending on state regulations. Although amber does not usually appear on the front, some police cars have an amber directional control bar, also known as the "arrow light", to direct traffic to the left or right.
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